The James Webb Space Telescope has detected the same infrared signal on Titan and Pluto. Scientists still do not know which molecule produces it, but the finding points to an unexpected similarity in the organic chemistry of two completely different worlds.
The signal was first noticed on Titan and then found at the same wavelength in Pluto data. It was confirmed by two independent instruments, making a technical error unlikely. One possible explanation is a complex hydrocarbon from the allene family. It may form in the atmosphere under ultraviolet light and then settle onto the surface.
The discovery will help scientists better understand how complex organic chemistry forms on the cold worlds of the Solar System. In 2028, NASA plans to launch Dragonfly to Titan — the spacecraft will be able to study organic matter directly on its surface.
